Maichael Bessada

A.        ANALYSIS [1] Out of the 17 countries studied, 12 make provisions for exceptions permitting educational establishments or research centers to reproduce copies of works, at the request of researchers or students, for purposes of teaching or research.  Some countries also allow educational establishments to reproduce excerpts from works for exam questions. The countries are…

1.         Article 10(2) of the Berne Convention, [1]   which provides the basis for the exception analyzed here, poses two conditions that limit the field of application of the exception.  Utilization is permitted “to the extent justified by the purpose” and “provided such utilization is compatible with fair practice”. Behind these requirements lies an implicit desire…

A.     ANALYSIS[1] Out of the 17 countries studied, we found 14 countries whose copyright laws contained an exception making possible the utilization of works as illustrations for teaching. The countries are as follows: –        Algeria (Article 43), –        Bahrain (Article 21 (b)), –        Djibouti (Article 41(c)), –        Egypt (Article 171(6)), –        Iraq (Article 14 (2)),…

Intellectual property (IP)[1] rights are the rights awarded by society to individuals or organizations principally over creative works: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. They give the creator the right to prevent others from making unauthorized use of their property for a limited period. IP is categorized…